Improvement in type-machines



5 Sheets-Sheet 2.l

A. M. HOWARD.

TYPE' MACHINE.

Patented Feb.1s,1877.

PLPETERS. FHUTWUTDIOGRAPHER. WBMNOTON. D U.

5 Sheets-#Sheet 3.

' A vM. HOWARD.

TYPE MACHINE. No.18'l,Z7-8j. Patented Fe`b-13, 1877.

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A.M. HOWARD. TYPEMACHINE.

Patented Feb-13,1877,

ILFIERS, PHOm-UTHOGMPMER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

UNITED T ATES ANSON M. HOWARD, OF ILION, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN TYPE-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 187,278, dated February 13, 1877 application filed December 2, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANsoN MERRIGK How- ARD, of Ilion, in the county of Herkimer and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for the Manufacture of Hard-Metal Type, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top view of my improved typemachine with a portion of the bed-plate broken out. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with aportion of the frame broken out. Fig. 3 is a vertical central longitudinal section ot' the same. Fig. 4 is a vertical central cross-section of the same. Fig. 5 is a similar cross-section, illustrating the manufacture of straight type. Fig. 6 is an enlarged top View of the type-wheel and the straight-type clamp. Fig. 7 is an enlarged top view of the type-wheel and the clamp for holding segmental typeblanks. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the straight-type clamp. Fig. 9 is a cross-section in the line w .fr of the same. Fig. 10 is a top view ofthe same with the cap removed. Fig. l1 is an elevation of the type-rack. Fig. l2 is a top view of a plate type-bolder. Fig. 13 is a section in the line :r1 w1 of the same. Fig. 14 is a front View of the same. Fig. l5 is an enlarged i'ront view ofthe type-holder, partly sectioned. Fig. 16 is a cross-section in the line :1:2 .r2 of the same. Fig. 17 is a cross-section in the line w3 w3 of the same. Fig. 18 is a cross-section of a type-rack for twin types. Fig. 19 is an enlarged elevation of a twin type. Fig. 20 is a top view of the main part of the type-wheel. Fig. 21 is a horizontal section through the rear part ofthe frame in the line yy of Fig. 2. Fig. 22 is a top view of the rack which operates the type-wheel. Fig. 23 is a top view of a modification of the typewheel and type-rack. Fig. 24 is an elevation of a portion of the said modied clamp, and Fig. 25 is a central cross-section in the line z z of Fig. 23.

The nature of my invention consists in certain constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter described and speciiically claimed, whereby a machine is produced which reproduces from original type prepared for the purpose hard-metal type of two kinds, elevated or depressed, and with straight, concave, or convex surfaces.

The object of my invent-ion is to make very accurate duplicate hard-metal type in shorter time than they can be iliade by hand, for which purpose I prepare an original set ot type for each different style and size, which type are made of hardened steel or other metal or alloy sufficiently hard, or capable of being sufficient ly hardened by artificial means, and reproduce the same with the aid of my machine upon similar or other metal by means of pressure applied alternately in opposite directions.

In the drawings, A represents a platform supported by a horizontal frame, A1, and legs A2. The platform A supports a longitudinal slide, B, in a suitable depression, which slide is held in place by gibs b, with set-screws b1. A disk, O, is inserted into a central bearing, a, of the slide B. A concentric step, c, ofthe said disk tted into the slide B, and made flush with its bottom. Upon the bottom of the step c a bevelwheel, O1, is fastened by means of screws c1, Fig. 4, and kept concentric by means of a cylindrical projection, c2. A set-screw, cl, serves to rigidly connect the disk C and the slide B, when so desired.

A` slide, D, is secured to the disk O by means of a dovetail fit, and operated by means of a feed-screw, G3, attached to a lug, O2, on the diskll. The threaded end of said feedscrew is screwed into a curved arm, D1, of the slide D, and is provided with a hand-wheel, c3. The arm D1 and the slide D are provided with a vertical central arbor, D2, upon which a type-wheel, E, is revolved, which is inserted between the arm D1 and 'the slide D. The wheel E-is ofthe same construction as that in a type-maehine formerly invented by me, and patented November 9, 1875, and consists of a disk, E1, with a gearwheel, E2, a stepped rim, c, and a tube, E3, upon which a Washer, E4, is fitted and fastened by means of a nut, c. Between the washer E4 and the disk El the original types X are clamped in radial arrangement, and held in place partly by interposed wedge-shaped spaces X1, and by reductions X2, fitting upon the stepped rim c. Opposite the wheel E the platform A is provided with an oblong projection, F, upon which the lower part G of a type-clamp for the blank types is fastened by means of set-screws, g1. The upper part G1 ofthe said type clamp is fastened down upon the lower part G by means of setscrews g1, as in Figs. 8 and 9. Between the said lower and upper parts G G1, in a suitable recess, G2, the type-rack, consisting of two matched linings, El H1, is inserted. Each of the linings is provided with a face-plate, h, of hardened metal, rigidly fastened thereto by means of pins or screws h1. (Shown in Figs. 16 and 17.) Behind the upper face-plate h the lining H is provided with a downward-projecting rib, h2, which fits into a corresponding' groove, h3, in the lining H1. Near or at the center the said linings are provided with a longitudinal hole, H1, formed partly in each lining, into which a slender wedge introduced, for the purpose of pryin the said linings apart, as they are .very tightly iitted together. A couple ofsteady-pins, h4, prevent longitudinal disarrangement of the said halves when closed. The upper face-plate his provided with square or oblong` notches 71.5, into which the type-blanks Y are inserted. The type-blanks Y are provided with. cylindrical reductions Y1, which are fitted into corresponding holes h6 in the rib h2 of the lining H1. To facilitate the removal from or the insertion into lthe clamp G G1 of the lining, the lower part G is provided with springs g2, Fig. 9, in suitable sockets, whereby the top part G1 is pushed upwardly as soon as the setscrews g1 are slackened.

Below the clamp G G1, as in Figs. l, 3, and 22, a toothed rack, I, with two parallel guidearms, l, is inserted into suitable bearings into the projection F. A number of springs, i, in sockets, or otherwise secured to the projection F, serve to push the rack I against the wheel E2, so that bot-h are continually in gear, there by preventing the disarrangementof the original and the blank types during the operation of reproducing.

To effect longitudinal adjustment between the original and blank types, as will sometimes be necessary before and during the operation of reproducing type, the plates F1 which cover the rack I are provided with lugs j", and setscrews f', whereby the the linings il L11 may be slightly moved in the clamp G G1, for which purpose the said linings are a little shorter than the clamp.

Fora more complicated type, as at Y, (shown in Figs. 18 and 19,) the rib h2 in the upper lining may be omitted, and the round shank Y1 or cylindrical reduction, as in Fig. 16, is then embedded half in the upper and`half in the lower lining, as shown in Fig. 18. ln this case the shape of the type is sufficient to secure a good fastening between the linings, and it makes a tight fit of the reduction Y1 in solid metal dispensable.

lf typical impressions are to be made upon a plate, such plate Y2 is fitted into a depression of a slide, J, and held in place by a pin, j. The slide J is fitted into the flaring face J1 of a solid lining, J3, and prevented from moving longitudinally by a set-screw, j 3. The said setscrew jz serves for genera-l adjustment of very long plates or strips Y2, upon which the printing or copying must necessarily be done in sections, while the set-screws f1 are still used upon the part J2 for the microscopic adjustment, which is, in this case, especially necessary, as the plate Y2 is continually stretched by the operation of copying. The reciprocating motion of the slide B is effected by a lever-arm, K, with a rigid fulcrum, 7c, and a. verticallysliding pivot-head, K',i11 conjunction with an adjustable slotted head, L, on the lower side of the slide B. The head K1 is attached by a pivot-pin, k1, to the upper forked end K3 of the lever-arm K, and is fitted into a vertical slot, l, in a head or lug, L, on a slide, L1, which is fitted into a depression in the lower side of the slide B. The slide L1 is provided with longitudinal slots l1 and set-screws Z2, whereby it may be longitudinally adjusted on the slide B. To avoid loss of time, and otherwise facilitate the said ad j nstmeut, two bolts, L2 L3, are passed through the end of the slide B, of which the one, L2, has a collar, L3, opposite the slide L1, and the other, L3, has a collar, Z4, at the outer end of the slide B. The said bolts are. at their inner ends, provided with screwthreads and passed into the slide L1. rlhis construction and arrangement enable the operator to adjust the slide L1 by turning the screws L2 L3 in the same direction, and to lock the said slide by turning the said screws in different directions. The said screws L2 L3 being easily ac' cessible, the operator can adjust and, at the same time, observe the effect upon thc situation of the operating type in a very short time, and without assistance. Below the pin k1 the lever-arm K is provided with another pin, k1, to which theforked head K3 of a con nectin g-rod, K4, is pivoted. The other end of the said rod K4 is, by means of an adjustable pivot, k3, of ordinary construction, connected to a transversely T-grooved wheel, M, which is revolved by a pinion, m, upon the driving-shaft M1 of the machine. As in other similar constructions, the stroke of the slide B depends upon the distance of the pivot 7c3 from the center of the wheel M. The shaft M1 is provided with another pinion, m1, which drivesanother pinion, n, upon a shaft, a1, which is supported by an adjustable bearing, N. The bearing N is fastened by means of slots a2 and set-screws a3 to a horizontal bar, A3, which connects the legs A2 of the machine. To the pinion n an eccentric, N1, is fastened, the rod N2 of which is attached t0 an adjustable pivot, a4, of ordinary construction, on a slotted lever, N3. The lever N3 is fitted upon a shaft, O, and operates the same by means of a key, o, fastened to the said shaft, which is made to slide longitudinally through the said lever N3 and its bearings in the frame A1. Y The lever N3 is inserted into a recess, c1, of the platform A, to prevent it.fro1n moving longitudinally. The 4free end of the shaft 0 is provided with a beveled wheel, O1, which, when the shaft O is pushed inwardly,

gears into the wheel G1 and causes the same to oscillate after the screw d has been removed. For the latter purpose the slide B must he in a central position and stationary, and the connection-rod K4 disconnected from the wheel M, as shown in Fig. 2. To keep the shaft O from sliding back from the wheel G1, on account of the sideward pressure caused by the operation of the beveled wheels, a set-screw, O2, is screwed into the frame A1, which bears against the end of the sha-ft O, and so keeps it in position. When the slide B is to be'operated, the shaft- O is pushed outwardly and the bevel-wheel O1 removed from the bevel wheel G1, and the bearing N is removed from thle slhaft M1, thereby disconnecting the wheels m a f The projection F is provided with an elbow, F2, at the back of the machine, through the top of which a vertical screw, P, with a spindlebearing, lo, at its foot, is passed. Below the said screw P, and in line with it, is another similar screw, P1, passed through tubular nut P2, in the platform A. The tube P2 has a step or collar, p1, embedded in the projection F, and a worm-wheel, Q,fastened to its lower end, which worm-Wheel is operated by a screw, Q1, on a rod, q, shown in Fig. 21. A stepped end bearing, g1, at one side, and a shoulder, q2, at the other side, of the said screw, prevent longitudinal disarrangement of the same, while a 'hand-wheel, g3, enables the operator to turn it. The upper end of the screw P1 is provided with a spindle socket-bearing, p2, and its lower end with a hand-wheel,p3. A similar hand-wheel, p4, is fasten ed to the upper end of the screw P, and a similar socket-bear ing formed in it. Between the screws P P1 a clamp-wheel, R., consisting of two disks, R1 R2, is inserted after the clamp G G1 is removed. 'lhe disk R1 has a shank, 1', conform ing in shape with its bearing p, in the screw P. The disk R2 has a shank, r1, fitting the bearing p2, a central pin, r2, passinginto the disk R1, and a pin, r3, projecting above the said disk and below it into the screw -P1. Between the disks R1R2 the plate or disk Y3 is inserted, the pins r2 r3 passing through it, and thus coupling it with thelower disk R2 and the screw P1, so that the turning of the worm-wheel Q causes the disk Y3 to revolve. The reproduction or copying of type upon the cylindrical surface of the disk Y3 requires a greater oscillation of the type wheel E, which is e'ected by swinging the' arbor D2 by means of the wheel C1, as aforesaid. The extreme edges of the original type are thereby perfectly reproduced. The larger the diameter of the disk YB, the further the wheel E must be moved back, and the nearer toward the center of the disk U, and consequently the less oscillation the arbor D2 will receive, and the less the wheel E will swing; and therefore the impressions upon a disk, Y3, diii'er from those upon a disk of smaller diameter, but they are always 1n conformity and corresponding with the curvature of the typewheel E. The clamp G, Fig. 8, is provided with a transverseslot, g3, which serves to receive the shank of a larger type-blank, the head of which is clamped in the recess G2 after the linings are removed,

and a hole, f2, through the arm F2, enables Operation: The straight type-blanks are inserted into the linings H H1, and these placed into the recess G2 of the clamp G, which 'is fastened upon the projection Ff The upper part G1 is then screwed down upon the linings and the set-screwsf screwed upon their ends. The wheel E is now supplied with the original hardened types, and inserted between the arm D and slide l), taking care that the wheel E and rack I are so meshed as to bring the two kinds of type as exactly opposite as possible. The remaining' diiference is corrected by the longitudinal adjustment of the linings H H1, by means of the set-screws f. The operator then adju-sts the stroke of the slide B by means of the set-screws L2 L3, and finally sets the machine in motion. lhe slide B is moved backward and forward, the wheel E oscillates back and forward, and is, by means of the feed-screw (J1, moved toward the clamp G G1. rlhe types X are thereby forced against the ends ofthe blanks Y in varying directions, and the metal ofthe blanks is by degrees thereby swaged into the desired form. The machine works very rapidly, and the reproduced types are quickly made, requiring no iinishing-touch by the hands of the engraver, and are, for most uses, of proper hardness when delivered from the machine.

The operation of copying or reproducing type upon a disk is, in principle, the same as thatjust described but, as the means are different, the machine is differently adjusted. rlhe clamp G G1 is rst removed, the connecting-rod K4 is disconnected from the wheel M, the bearing N is so adjusted that the wheels m1 and a gear into each other, the shaft 0 is adjusted by means ofthe screw O2, so the wheels O1 and G1 gear into each other, and the slide B is fastened in a central position by screwing the plates or gibs b hard down upon it. The clamp-wheel lt, with a cylindrical or segmental type-blank, Y3, is then fastened between the screws P P1 at the proper height, and the machine is started.

The operation then goes on in the manner already described, and after one type is finished the machine is stopped to be reset for the reproducing another type upon the blank Ya. For this purpose the wheel E2 is, by

means ofthe set-screw G3, moved hack as far' as possible, and the rack I is pushed off and out of gear, and the next original type turned in front, whereupon the blank Y3 is, by means of the screw Q and the worm-wheel Q, turned in the right position, and the next type is then produced, and so on. In this case the type reproduced upon the blank Y3 may be made in any order ot' succession, and at any distance apart irrespective of the arrangement of the original types in the type-Wheel.

In Fig. 23, a type-Wheel, E, is shown with cogs upon its rim and with types inserted in the said cogs. It gears into a type-rack, H, which is provided with parallel side cogs, between which the blank-types are inserted. The parallel sides of the said cog-s prevent lost motion between the type-wheel and typerack when they are not close together, as Well as when they are close together. The illustrations, by elevation ot' Fig. 24 and by central and cross-section of Fig. 25, are easily understood.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in one machine, of' a separate holder for type metal o' curved form, and a separate holder for type metal of a straight form, the reproducing` type-wheel and suitable gearing and connections for operating said wheel in connection with each ot' the said type-holders, as occasion requires, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The reciprocating slide B, in combina-tion With an oscillating clamp type-wheel, E, and a stationary type-clamp, H H1, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of an oscillating clamp type-Wheel, E, having an arbor, D2, which is on an oscillating support, and a stationary clamp for a type-blank, Y3, substantially as set forth.

4. The slide B, in combination with the slotted head L, and slide L1, having screws L2 L3, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination ot' a type-metal clamp, type-wheel slide lever K, connecting-rod K4, and the transversely-,Qrooved crank-wheel M substantially as set forth.

6. The slide B, in combination with the disk C, bevel-wheel C1, slide D, feed-screw O3, and

type-Wheel E, substantially as set forth.

7. The type-rack H H1, in combination with the set-screws ff', substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the type-rack H H1, and the clamp G G1, substantially as set forth.

9. The clamp G G1, having a recess, G2, a transverse slot, g3, and springs g2, substantially as set forth.

10. The type-rack. consisting' of linings H H1, having face-plates h, of hardened metal, and steadypins h2, substantially as set forth.

11. The disk C, having a Wheel, G1, in. eombination with the shaft O, having a Wheel, O1, and a lever-arm, N3, the connecting-rod N2, and the eccentric N1, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination ot' the type-Wheel, the slide B, the shaft M1, and intermediate actuating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination ot' the type-Wheel, the wheel-arbor support C, wheel O1, shaft M1, and intermediate actuating mechanism, substantiall y as set forth.

14. The combination ofthe screws P P1, the clamp-Wheel R, the revolving tubular nut P2, the worm-Wheel Q, and screw Q1, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of the disk R1, having a shank, r, the disk R2, having a shank, r1, and pins r2 r2, and the revolving screw P1, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination ofthe clamp G G1, having a recess, G2, the linings H H1, andthe adjusting set-screws ff, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

17. The combination ot' sliding shaft O, bevel-wheel 01, the set-screw 02, bevel-Wheel C1, and type-wleel-arbor support C, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand in the matter ot' my application ior a patent for an improved machine for the manufacture ot hard-metal type this 27th day ot' December, 1876.

ANSON MERRIOK HOWARD.

Witnesses:

THOMAS K. G. WRIGHT, IRA D. HASKELL. 

